Basic Concept of Cyclicity
The concept of cyclicity is used to identify the last digit of the number.Let’s take an example to understand this:

Example 1:  Find the unit digit of 3⁵⁴.
Solution:  Now it’s a very big term and not easy to calculate but we canfind the last digit by using the concept of cyclicity. We observe powers of 3
3¹ = 3
3² = 9
3³ = 27
3⁴ = 81
3⁵ = 243
3⁶= 729

So now pay attention to the last digits we can observe that the last digit repeats itself after a cycle of 4 and the cycle is 3, 9, 7, 1 this repetition of numbers after a particular stage is called the cyclicity of numbers. Therefore when we need to find the unit digit of any number like 3ⁿ we just need to find the number on which the cycle halts. So we divide power n by 4 to check remainder

• If remainder is 1 then the unit digit will be 3
• If remainder is 2 then the unit digit will be 9
• If remainder is 3 then the unit digit will be 7
• If remainder is 0 then the unit digit will be 1

We divided the power by 4 because cycle repeats itself after 4 values .Now the main question was that how much is the last digit of 3⁵⁴ and we know the cycle repeat itself after 4 so we will divide the 54 with 4,so on dividing 54 by 4 the remainder becomes 2 .Now as we discussed above if the remainder is 2 the last digit would be 9.Hence unit digit of 3⁵⁴ is 9.

Example 2:What will be the unit digit of 347⁴⁵
Solution:
Lets observe unit digit of 347 x 347 = 9.
The main purpose of the above is that the unit digit of any multiplication depends upon the unit digit of numbers, whatever is the number big or small the unit digit always depends upon the multiplication of the last digit.
So the last digit of 347⁴⁵ can be found by calculating last digit of 7⁴⁵
We observe unit digit while calculating powers of 7
7¹  = 7
7² = 49
7³ = 343
7⁴ = 2401
7⁵ = 16807
So on dividing 45 with 4, 1 will be the remainder and the last digit would be 7.