Paragraph 1

"Typewriters are the epitome of a technology that has been comprehensively rendered obsolete by the digital age."

Explanation: Typewriters are a classic example of a device that has been completely replaced by modern digital tools.

"The ink comes off the ribbon, they weigh a ton, and second thoughts are a disaster."

Explanation: Typewriters have many practical downsides: the ink wears out, they’re very heavy, and editing or correcting mistakes is difficult.

"But they are also personal, portable and, above all, private."

Explanation: Despite their flaws, typewriters have unique advantages—they are individual, movable, and most importantly, secure.

"Type a document and lock it away and more or less the only way anyone else can get it is if you give it to them."

Explanation: If you write something on a typewriter and store it safely, others can’t access it unless you physically hand it over.

"That is why the Russians have decided to go back to typewriters in some government offices, and why in the US, some departments have never abandoned them."

Explanation: This privacy is why some Russian and American government agencies still use or have returned to using typewriters.

"Yet it is not just their resistance to algorithms and secret surveillance that keeps typewriter production lines - well one, at least - in business (the last British one closed a year ago)."

Explanation: Privacy isn't the only reason typewriters are still being made (though only one factory remains, as the last British one shut recently).

"Nor is it only the nostalgic appeal of the metal body and the stout well-defined keys that make them popular on eBay."

Explanation: It’s not just nostalgia or their solid design that makes them sought-after online.

"A typewriter demands something particular: attentiveness."

Explanation: Using a typewriter requires a special focus and attention to detail.

"By the time the paper is loaded, the ribbon tightened, the carriage returned, the spacing and the margins set, there’s a big premium on hitting the right key."

Explanation: After preparing the typewriter, making mistakes is costly, so you’re more careful when typing.

"That means sorting out ideas, pulling together a kind of order and organising details before actually striking off."

Explanation: This forces the writer to plan and organize their thoughts before starting to type.

"There can be no thinking on screen with a typewriter."

Explanation: Unlike computers, you can’t figure things out as you go; you must think ahead.

"Nor are there any easy distractions. No online shopping. No urgent emails. No Twitter."

Explanation: Typewriters eliminate digital distractions like browsing or notifications.

"No need even for electricity - perfect for writing in a remote hideaway."

Explanation: Typewriters don’t need power, making them ideal for writing in secluded or off-grid places.

"The thinking process is accompanied by the encouraging clack of keys, and the ratchet of the carriage return. Ping!"

Explanation: The sounds of typing—clacking keys, the carriage returning, and the final “ping”—create a satisfying rhythm that supports the writing process.

Paragraph 1 Summary

Though typewriters are outdated in the digital age, they retain a strong appeal due to their privacy, focus-demanding nature, and nostalgic charm. Their resistance to digital surveillance, freedom from distractions, and the physicality of the typing process make them favored by certain government agencies, writers, and enthusiasts. Unlike computers, they encourage disciplined, thoughtful writing and can be used anywhere—without the need for electricity or internet.