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Para-jumble Sentences
20. The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4) below, when properly sequenced, would yield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the proper sequencing of the order of the sentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:
1. From chemical pollutants in the environment to the damming of rivers to invasive species transported through global trade and travel, every environmental issue is different and there is no single tech solution that can solve this crisis.
2. Discourse on the threat of environmental collapse revolves around cutting down emissions, but biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse are caused by myriad and diverse reasons.
3. This would require legislation that recognises the rights of future generations and other species that allows the judiciary to uphold a much higher standard of environmental protection than currently possible.
4. Clearly, our environmental crisis requires large political solutions, not minor technological ones, so, instead of focusing on infinite growth, we could consider a path of stable-state economies, while preserving markets and healthy competition.
Solution with Explanation
Answer: 2143
Explanation by Wordpandit:
In this series of statements, the central theme revolves around the intricate nature of environmental challenges and the necessity for political interventions over purely technological fixes to avert an impending ecological catastrophe. The discussion draws attention to a myriad of contributing factors to environmental degradation, such as the intrusion of chemical pollutants, river damming, and the proliferation of invasive species. It further emphasizes that the complexities of these challenges defy any one-size-fits-all technological solution.
Statements 1 and 2 serve as a foundational pair, collectively emphasizing the multi-faceted and intricate nature of environmental problems. Specifically, Statement 2 initially broadens the conversation by asserting that discussions on environmental challenges often narrow down to emissions, yet overlook the multifaceted problems like biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse. Statement 1 builds upon this by providing concrete examples of these diverse environmental threats, including the introduction of harmful chemical pollutants into ecosystems, the damming of rivers which disrupts natural water flow, and the emergence of invasive species that displace native fauna and flora.
Following this foundation, Statements 4 and 3 transition into offering proposed solutions that address the complexities delineated in Statements 1 and 2. They introduce the concept of stable-state economies as a potential remedy, emphasizing that such economies would balance market competition with heightened environmental protections. These economies would also be cognizant of the rights of future generations and other species, ensuring a more holistic approach to environmental governance.
Therefore, when assessed for logical coherence and thematic continuity, the most fitting sequence for these statements is 2143. This arrangement not only presents the problem in all its complexity but also naturally leads the reader into contemplating viable solutions.
Word-1: Pollutants
Context:
"From chemical pollutants in the environment to the damming of rivers to invasive species transported through global trade and travel." - Source Unknown
Explanatory Paragraph:
Pollutants are substances introduced into the environment that cause harm or discomfort to ecosystems or living organisms. These can be chemicals, waste materials, or other agents that disrupt the natural balance. Whether released through industrial processes, agriculture, or urban development, pollutants often contaminate air, water, or soil, leading to long-term ecological damage.
Meaning: Harmful substances that contaminate the environment (Noun - plural)
Pronunciation: puh-LOO-tuhnts
Difficulty Level: ⭐⭐ Beginner
Etymology: Derived from the Latin word polluere, meaning "to defile or contaminate".
Prashant Sir's Notes:
Always remember that pollutants are not just visible waste — even invisible gases and chemical compounds can be major environmental threats. Understanding this word is crucial in environmental studies and discussions on sustainability.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: contaminants, toxins, waste, impurities, chemicals
Antonyms: purifiers, cleansers, filters, neutralizers
Usage Examples:
- Factories releasing pollutants into rivers have led to a decline in aquatic biodiversity.
- Airborne pollutants from cars and industries are a major cause of respiratory diseases.
- The government has imposed strict regulations on industrial pollutants.
- Scientists monitor the levels of pollutants in the atmosphere using satellite data.
Cultural Reference:
"We won't have a society if we destroy the environment." – Margaret Mead (Environmental Anthropologist)
Think About It:
Can technological advancements help reverse the damage caused by pollutants, or are we already too late?
Quick Activity:
List five common pollutants you encounter in daily life. Then, write one way each could be reduced or eliminated.
Memory Tip:
Think of "pollutants" as things that *pollute*. The word itself contains the root "pollute," making its meaning easier to recall.
Real-World Application:
Understanding pollutants is essential for anyone involved in environmental science, urban planning, or public health, as they need to identify, monitor, and reduce harmful substances affecting our planet.
Word-2: Discourse
Context:
"Discourse on the threat of environmental collapse revolves around cutting down emissions." - Source Unknown
Explanatory Paragraph:
Discourse refers to formal communication in speech or writing that explores a specific subject in depth. It involves exchanging ideas, arguments, or narratives around a central theme. In academic, social, or political settings, discourse plays a crucial role in shaping opinions and influencing actions, particularly when dealing with complex issues such as climate change, justice, or ethics.
Meaning: A formal discussion or debate on a topic, either spoken or written (Noun)
Pronunciation: DIS-kors
Difficulty Level: ⭐⭐⭐ Intermediate
Etymology: From Latin discursus meaning "running to and fro," from discurrere – "to run about".
Prashant Sir's Notes:
This word is often used in academic and intellectual contexts. Keep in mind: discourse isn't just chatter — it implies depth, purpose, and intellectual engagement.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: dialogue, conversation, discussion, debate, commentary
Antonyms: silence, quiet, muteness, reticence
Usage Examples:
- The professor led a thought-provoking discourse on ethics in technology.
- Public discourse around climate change has intensified in recent years.
- The political discourse in the country is becoming increasingly polarized.
- His book is a compelling discourse on freedom and responsibility.
Cultural Reference:
"Discourse is the power that shapes reality." – Michel Foucault, French philosopher and social theorist
Think About It:
Can changing the tone and language of public discourse influence real-world policy decisions?
Quick Activity:
Write a short discourse (100 words) on one pressing issue facing your community. Focus on structure and logical flow.
Memory Tip:
Think: "discourse = discuss + course" — it’s like following a course of discussion around a central idea.
Real-World Application:
In media, politics, education, and corporate communication, effective discourse helps frame narratives, present evidence, and persuade audiences toward specific goals or actions.
Word-3: Biodiversity
Context:
"...but biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse are caused by myriad and diverse reasons." - Source Unknown
Explanatory Paragraph:
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life found in a particular habitat or on Earth as a whole. It encompasses all living organisms—plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms—and the ecosystems they form. High biodiversity is a sign of a healthy, resilient ecosystem, while loss of biodiversity indicates environmental degradation. Preserving biodiversity is critical for maintaining balance in nature and supporting human life through food, medicine, and ecosystem services.
Meaning: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or the world (Noun)
Pronunciation: bye-oh-die-VER-suh-tee
Difficulty Level: ⭐⭐⭐ Intermediate
Etymology: Coined from "biological diversity" in the 1980s; derived from Greek bios meaning "life" and Latin diversitas meaning "variety".
Prashant Sir's Notes:
This word is central to modern environmental discourse. It's more than just a buzzword—understanding biodiversity means understanding the complex interdependence of life forms on our planet.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: biological variety, species richness, ecosystem variety, life diversity
Antonyms: monoculture, biological uniformity, species loss
Usage Examples:
- Rainforests are known for their exceptional biodiversity.
- Biodiversity helps ecosystems recover from natural disasters.
- Loss of biodiversity threatens food security worldwide.
- Protecting biodiversity is essential for the survival of future generations.
Cultural Reference:
"Biodiversity is the greatest treasure we have... Its diminishment is to be prevented at all cost." – Thomas Eisner, Ecologist
Think About It:
What would the world look like if key species in ecosystems disappeared forever?
Quick Activity:
Make a list of five local species (plants, animals, insects). Research and write one sentence on how each contributes to the local ecosystem.
Memory Tip:
Think: "bio" (life) + "diversity" (variety) = the variety of life! A jungle is biodiverse, a desert less so.
Real-World Application:
Biodiversity informs policy decisions in agriculture, conservation, urban planning, and climate change mitigation. It also underpins many industries like pharmaceuticals, where natural species provide essential compounds for medicines.
Word-4: Legislation
Context:
"This would require legislation that recognises the rights of future generations." - Source Unknown
Explanatory Paragraph:
Legislation refers to a set of laws that are formally enacted or proposed by a governing body, such as a parliament or congress. It serves as the legal framework that guides individual and institutional behavior in a society. Whether it's about environmental protection, civil rights, or public health, legislation translates public policy into enforceable rules that shape how a country or community functions.
Meaning: Laws or a set of laws made by a government (Noun)
Pronunciation: lej-uh-SLAY-shun
Difficulty Level: ⭐⭐⭐ Intermediate
Etymology: From Latin legis latio meaning "proposing of a law", where lex means "law" and latus means "to carry or bring".
Prashant Sir's Notes:
When you hear "legislation," think of official laws—not just policies or ideas. It's a key term in political, legal, and environmental debates, especially when discussing systemic change.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: law, statute, act, regulation, ordinance
Antonyms: anarchy, lawlessness, deregulation
Usage Examples:
- New legislation was passed to regulate emissions from factories.
- The government introduced legislation to protect consumer rights.
- Legislation can serve as a powerful tool for social justice.
- Environmental activists are pushing for stronger climate legislation.
Cultural Reference:
"The best way to get a bad law repealed is to enforce it strictly." – Abraham Lincoln
Think About It:
Should legislation be written with long-term environmental consequences in mind, even if it affects present-day economic growth?
Quick Activity:
List one issue you care about (e.g., education, pollution). Draft a one-line legislation proposal that could help improve the situation.
Memory Tip:
Legislation = Legal + Station → Think of it as the official "station" or source of legal rules.
Real-World Application:
Legislation is essential in shaping national and international policies on climate change, healthcare, equality, and more. Understanding the legislative process empowers citizens to advocate for change.
Word-5: Judiciary
Context:
"...other species that allows the judiciary to uphold a much higher standard of environmental protection than currently possible." - Source Unknown
Explanatory Paragraph:
The judiciary refers to the branch of government responsible for interpreting laws and administering justice. It includes judges, courts, and tribunals that resolve legal disputes and ensure laws are applied fairly and consistently. In a democratic society, the judiciary plays a critical role in safeguarding rights, checking the powers of other branches of government, and, increasingly, upholding environmental justice and the rights of future generations.
Meaning: The system of courts that interprets and applies the law (Noun)
Pronunciation: joo-DISH-ee-air-ee
Difficulty Level: ⭐⭐⭐ Intermediate
Etymology: From Latin judiciarius (of or belonging to judgment), based on judicium meaning "judgment".
Prashant Sir's Notes:
This word is foundational to legal studies and current affairs. The judiciary doesn't just decide guilt or innocence—it shapes legal interpretations and sets precedents that influence society for years to come.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: court system, legal system, magistracy, bench
Antonyms: anarchy, lawlessness (Note: these are indirect antonyms)
Usage Examples:
- The judiciary has the power to strike down laws that violate the constitution.
- Environmental activists have increasingly turned to the judiciary to uphold climate justice.
- An independent judiciary is essential for maintaining a fair and just society.
- The judiciary ruled in favor of protecting the indigenous lands from exploitation.
Cultural Reference:
"The judiciary must be strong, independent, and impartial, to ensure justice for all." – UN Rule of Law Statement
Think About It:
How can the judiciary ensure that its decisions are fair not only to present citizens but also to future generations and non-human life?
Quick Activity:
Research a landmark judgment by your country's judiciary. Summarize it in two lines and explain why it was important.
Memory Tip:
Think: “Judge” + “Diary” = Judiciary → The place where judges keep the record (diary) of justice!
Real-World Application:
The judiciary often becomes the last resort for protecting civil liberties, environmental resources, and constitutional values when other institutions fail or falter.
