Cloze Test-8

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Directions for individual questions:
In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below and against each, some words are suggested as options. Identify the one that fits each blank appropriately

Mankind has seen rapid (1) in the last 150 years because of the mass manufacturing techniques (2) in western nations and later taken to new levels of efficiency by Japan. Mass production and production for the masses became the bases of new business strategies. Large scale consumption by all with the social benefit of (3) poverty became the dominant economic strategy. The advent of electricity and its large-scale application to lighting, heating and operating machines added a fresh dimension to manufacturing. By the 1950s came (4) in electronics and transistor devices to be followed by innovations in microelectronics, computers and various forms of sensors all of which (5) altered the manufacturing scene. It is now no longer necessary to make prototypes in a factory or a laboratory to study a new product. Many new products can be (6) on computers and their behavior simulated on them. By choosing an optimum design through such simulations, computer programmes can directly (7) the manufacturing processes. These processes are generally called Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Assisted Manufacturing (CAM).These capabilities are leading to newer forms of (8) by customers. Each customer can be offered several special options. Customised product design or (9) manufacturing are other popular techniques currently in (10) in many developed countries.

Test Name: Cloze Test-8

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Question 1

Identify the word that fits blank 1.

A	havoc
B	Transformation
C	Destruction
D	Violence
E	Deforestation

Question 1 Explanation:

Mankind has seen rapid transformation in the last 150 years because of the mass manufacturing techniques. The lines stated above and the lines following these are positive in context. So, words with negative connotation like havoc, destruction, violence and deforestation will be inappropriate. Transformation fits well.

Question 2

Identify the word that fits blank 2.

A	discarded
B	Resorted
C	Indulged
D	Perfected
E	Designated

Question 2 Explanation:

..because of the mass manufacturing techniques perfected in western nations. To discard means to throw away as useless. Resorted means…. Indulged and designated are not related to the context. Perfected is the perfect fit.

Question 3

Identify the word that fits blank 3.

A	Removing
B	Nurturing
C	Appeasing
D	Cajoling
E	Mastering

Question 3 Explanation:

Large scale consumption by all with the social benefit of removing poverty became the dominant economic strategy. To nurture means to grow. To appease means to pacify. Cajole means to persuade. Mastering means perfecting something. So, removing poverty makes perfect sense.

Question 4

Identify the word that fits blank 4.

A	additions
B	Gadgets
C	Modifications
D	Variety
E	Inventions

Question 4 Explanation:

By the 1950s came modifications in electronics and transistor devices to be followed by innovations in microelectronics. The modifications in electronics were brought about with the advent of electricity and followed by innovations in microelectronics. So, modifications is a perfect fit.

Question 5

Identify the word that fits blank 5.

A	immediately
B	Precisely
C	Irreversibly
D	Indefinitely
E	Measurably

Question 5 Explanation:

…computers and various forms of sensors all of which precisely altered the manufacturing scene. Irreversibly means that which cannot be reversed, indefinitely means for an unknown period of time, measurably means that which can be measured. So, precisely makes perfect sense in context of the passage.

Question 6

Identify the word that fits blank 6.

A	designed
B	Produced
C	Manufactured
D	Sold
E	Purchased

Question 6 Explanation:

Many new products can be designed on computers. Computers help design applications, never produce or manufactured. This passage talks about techniques which can help design new products and not buy/sell them.

Question 7

Identify the word that fits blank 7.

A	inspire
B	Cultivate
C	Visualize
D	Drive
E	Curtail

Question 7 Explanation:

By choosing an optimum design through such simulations, computer programmes can directly visualize the manufacturing processes. The passage says that by simulating an optimum design on computer, the manufacturing processes can be visualized. So, inspire, cultivate, curtail, and drive don’t fit as well as visualize does.

Question 8

Identify the word that fits blank 8.

A	uses
B	Demands
C	Advertisements
D	Consumption
E	Goods

Question 8 Explanation:

These capabilities are leading to newer forms of demands by customers. The customers can have different ‘demands’. Uses, advertisements, consumption and goods don’t fit the context well.

Question 9

Identify the word that fits blank 9.

A	visible
B	Secure
C	Fundamental
D	Overt
E	Flexible

Question 9 Explanation:

Customized design is flexible according to the needs of the customer. Hence, flexible fits well here.

Question 10

Identify the word that fits blank 10.

A	view
B	Wings
C	Vogue
D	Isolation
E	Order

Question 10 Explanation:

Customised product design or flexible manufacturing are other popular techniques currently in vogue in many developed countries. These techniques are in style (vogue) in many developed countries. View, wings, isolation and order don’t fit the context of the statement properly.

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