1. Vilification
• Abusively disparaging speech or writing.
Usage: The widespread vilification of politicians.
2. Cultural homogenization
• Cultural homogenization is an aspect of cultural globalization.
• It refers to the reduction in cultural diversity through the popularization and diffusion of a wide array of cultural symbols, not only physical objects but customs, ideas and values.
Usage: The fear of cultural homogenization is a growing presence in several cultures and already is a barrier to some multinational businesses.
3. Unbridled
• Uncontrolled or unconstrained.
Usage: A moment of unbridled ambition.
4. Cauldron
• A state or situation of great distress.
• Unrest felt to resemble a boiling kettle or vat.
Usage: A cauldron of conflicting corporate politics.
5. Demographic Dividend
• The economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population is larger than the non-working-age share of the population.
• It refers to the growth in an economy that is the result of a change in the age structure of a country’s population.
• The change in age structure is typically brought on by a decline in fertility and mortality rates.
Usage: Talk of a demographic dividend may turn back into talk of a time bomb.
6. Wean Away
• To force someone to break a habit.
Usage: It was almost impossible to wean her from her high spending habits.
7. Feudalism
• The dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villains or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord’s land and give him homage, labour, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
Usage: The point I am trying to make to you is that notions of allegiance come out of English medieval feudalism.
8. Serfdom
• A serf is a person who is forced to work on a plot of land, especially during the medieval period when Europe practiced feudalism, when a few lords owned all the land and everyone else had to toil on it.
• Serfdom is the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism, and similar systems.
Usage: Ninety per cent of the peasantry was stuck in a serfdom that offered few ways out.
9. Manorialism
• Manorialism or Seigneurialism is the name for the organization of the economy in the middle Ages.
• Manorialism describes how land was distributed and who profited from the land. A lord received a piece of land, usually from a higher nobleman, or from the king.
Usage: These peasants were often subject to noble overlords and owed them rents and other services, in a system known as manorialism
10. Moniker
• A name.
Usage: Shaktiman’s real moniker is Gangadhar.
11. Rancour
• Bitterness or resentfulness, especially when long standing.
Usage: He spoke without rancour.
12. Annex
• Add as an extra or subordinate part, especially to a document.
Usage: The first ten amendments were annexed to the Constitution in 1951.
• Add territory to one’s own territory by appropriation.
Usage: India was annexed by British in 1856.
