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Misfit Sentences/Odd One Out Questions
33. Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out.
A. Neuroscientists have just begun studying exercise's impact within brain cells - on the genes themselves.
B. Even there, in the roots of our biology, they've found signs of the body's influence on the mind.
C. It turns out that moving our muscles produces proteins that travel through the bloodstream and into the brain, where they play pivotal roles in the mechanisms of our highest thought processes.
D. In today's technology-driven, plasma-screened-in world, it's easy to forget that we are born movers - animals, in fact - because weâve engineered movement right out of our lives.
E. It's only in the past few years that neuroscientists have begun to describe these factors and how they work, and each new discovery adds awe-inspiring depth to the picture.
Solution with Explanation
Correct Answer: (D)
This is a question where you go by the topic of the given statements. Four statements relate to neuroscience, the impact of exercise and movement on brain cells, and the influence of our body on our mind.
Statement D, out of nowhere, talks about movement in general and how animals are movers. This has no connection with the brain, neuroscience, or the central theme.
Hence, statement D is the clear odd one out here.
Word-1: Neuroscientists
Context:
"Neuroscientists have just begun studying exercise's impact within brain cells â on the genes themselves." â Scientific Report on Brain Research
Explanatory Paragraph:
"Neuroscientists" are scientists who study the nervous system, especially the brain and its influence on behavior, cognition, and bodily functions. They use tools from biology, psychology, chemistry, and medicine to explore how neurons function, how memories are formed, how emotions are regulated, and how diseases like Alzheimerâs or Parkinsonâs develop. In the context above, neuroscientists are exploring a cutting-edge field: how physical exercise may affect gene activity inside brain cells, potentially leading to improved mental health or cognitive function.
Meaning: Experts who study the structure and function of the brain and nervous system (Noun â plural)
Pronunciation: NYUR-oh-sy-en-tists
Difficulty Level: âââ Intermediate
Etymology: From Greek neuron (ânerveâ) + Latin scientia (âknowledgeâ)
Prashant Sir's Notes:
This is a key academic and scientific word. Neuroscientists are central to breakthroughs in medicine, learning, and mental health. Understanding what they do can help students connect biology with psychology, and science with daily life. Itâs also a great âcareer vocabularyâ word for students interested in STEM fields.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: brain researchers, cognitive scientists, nerve specialists
Antonyms: non-scientists, laypersons (contextual)
Usage Examples:
- Neuroscientists are discovering how meditation can change brain structure.
- They used imaging technology to track brain responses to music.
- Sleep plays a key role in memory consolidation, say neuroscientists.
- Exercise affects gene expression in the brain, according to neuroscientists.
Cultural Reference:
"Neuroscientists are the cartographers of the human mind, mapping the terrain where thoughts and emotions are born." â David Eagleman
Think About It:
What would you most want to ask a neuroscientist about the way your brain works?
Quick Activity:
Pick one brain function. Research how neuroscientists study it.
Memory Tip:
âNeuroâ = nerves/brain + âscientistâ = someone who studies.
Real-World Application:
They help treat brain diseases, create AI, improve education, and link lifestyle to mental health.
Word-2: Mechanisms
Context:
"...proteins travel through the bloodstream and into the brain, where they play pivotal roles in the mechanisms of our highest thought processes."
Explanatory Paragraph:
"Mechanisms" refers to systems, processes, or structures through which something happens or is achieved. It often explains how something works in detail. Here, it refers to the biological operations supporting thought, memory, and cognition affected by exercise-generated proteins.
Meaning: Processes or systems through which a function or result is produced (Noun â plural)
Pronunciation: MEK-uh-niz-uhmz
Difficulty Level: âââ Intermediate
Etymology: From Greek mÄkhanÄ (âmachineâ), adapted through Latin and French
Prashant Sir's Notes:
This is widely used in science writingâask: âWhatâs the mechanism?â to explore underlying causes or systems. Useful in essays, psychology, and medicine.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: processes, systems, operations, procedures
Antonyms: effects, results, consequences
Usage Examples:
- Scientists explore the mechanisms behind memory.
- Theyâre uncovering mechanisms related to addiction.
- Exercise triggers brain mechanisms linked to mood.
- Evolution involves mechanisms like mutation and selection.
Cultural Reference:
"Mechanisms are the invisible gears of nature and thought." â Scientific American
Think About It:
Why is it valuable to understand the âhowâ behind a phenomenon?
Quick Activity:
Describe the mechanism of a daily experience: like hunger or falling asleep.
Memory Tip:
âMechanismâ = the inner machinery that makes things work.
Real-World Application:
Essential in medicine, engineering, therapy, and cognitive science to build, fix, and optimize systems.
Word-3: Engineered
Context:
"...we are born movers â animals, in fact â because weâve engineered movement right out of our lives." â Commentary on Sedentary Lifestyle and Technology
Explanatory Paragraph:
"Engineered" refers to intentionally designing or structuring something for a specific result. While often used for machines or construction, here it describes how modern humans have arranged their environments to minimize movementâthrough technology, automation, and lifestyle choicesâmaking our lives more sedentary.
Meaning: Designed, structured, or arranged in a deliberate and skillful way to produce a specific effect (Verb â past tense of âengineerâ)
Pronunciation: en-juh-NEERD
Difficulty Level: âââ Intermediate
Etymology: From Latin ingeniator (âdeviserâ) and Old French engigneor (âconstructor of enginesâ)
Prashant Sir's Notes:
âEngineeredâ is often used metaphorically. It shows up in social commentary, academic essays, and articles discussing intentional systemsâsuch as engineered diets, learning methods, or urban spaces.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: designed, constructed, crafted, orchestrated
Antonyms: disorganized, neglected, dismantled
Usage Examples:
- Weâve engineered our lifestyles to maximize convenience.
- The bridge was engineered to withstand earthquakes.
- Her campaign was skillfully engineered for viral impact.
- The vaccine was engineered to target specific viruses.
Cultural Reference:
"We shape our tools and thereafter our tools shape us." â Marshall McLuhan
Think About It:
How can we re-engineer aspects of daily life to promote health and happiness?
Quick Activity:
List 3 aspects of your daily routine that are engineered for ease. How could they be changed to support more movement?
Memory Tip:
Think of âengineeredâ as something *purpose-built*ânot accidental, but intentional.
Real-World Application:
This word applies to product design, infrastructure, education, workplace ergonomics, and social innovationâanywhere planning meets precision.
Word-4: Discovery
Context:
"...each new discovery adds awe-inspiring depth to the picture." â Neuroscience Research Commentary
Explanatory Paragraph:
"Discovery" is the act of finding something previously unknown or hidden. It often applies to science and exploration but can also be personal. In this context, neuroscientists are uncovering new aspects of how the brain responds to movementâeach insight painting a richer picture of our biology and mind-body connection.
Meaning: The act of finding or learning something previously unknown or unrecognized (Noun)
Pronunciation: dis-KUV-er-ee
Difficulty Level: ââ Basic to Intermediate
Etymology: From Latin discooperire ("to uncover") = dis- ("un-") + cooperire ("to cover")
Prashant Sir's Notes:
Use this word for scientific breakthroughs, personal insights, and learning moments. It brings a tone of progress and curiosityâperfect for essays and creative writing.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: finding, breakthrough, revelation, detection
Antonyms: concealment, ignorance, loss
Usage Examples:
- The discovery of penicillin revolutionized medicine.
- Each brain discovery opens new possibilities in therapy.
- She made a life-changing discovery during therapy.
- The telescope enabled the discovery of distant galaxies.
Cultural Reference:
"The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes, but in having new eyes." â Marcel Proust
Think About It:
What types of discoveriesâscientific, historical, personalâleave a lasting impact, and why?
Quick Activity:
Write about a small but important discovery you made recently. How did it change your perspective?
Memory Tip:
âDiscoveryâ = uncovering â think of removing a cover to reveal something valuable.
Real-World Application:
This word is used in science, literature, business, and even personal growth. It drives innovation and sparks transformation.
Word-5: Awe-inspiring
Context:
"...each new discovery adds awe-inspiring depth to the picture." â Neuroscience Research Commentary
Explanatory Paragraph:
"Awe-inspiring" describes something that causes deep admiration, wonder, or even reverence. It reflects the emotional impact of witnessing something grand, powerful, or beautifully complexâsuch as scientific breakthroughs or the mysteries of the human brain, as discussed in the context above.
Meaning: Causing a feeling of wonder, admiration, or reverence (Adjective)
Pronunciation: aw-in-SPY-ur-ing
Difficulty Level: âââ Intermediate
Etymology: From âaweâ (Old English ege â fear, reverence) + âinspiringâ (causing emotion or reaction)
Prashant Sir's Notes:
Perfect for vivid, emotional writing. Use âawe-inspiringâ in descriptions of nature, art, science, or anything that feels larger than life. It elevates the tone of essays or speeches.
Synonyms & Antonyms:
Synonyms: breathtaking, majestic, magnificent, mind-blowing
Antonyms: dull, ordinary, unimpressive
Usage Examples:
- The view from the mountaintop was truly awe-inspiring.
- Her dedication to saving lives is awe-inspiring.
- The complexity of the universe is awe-inspiring to scientists.
- The spacewalk was an awe-inspiring experience for the astronauts.
Cultural Reference:
"Science is a source of spiritualityâan awe-inspiring experience." â Carl Sagan
Think About It:
Whatâs the most awe-inspiring moment you've had, and why did it leave such an impact?
Quick Activity:
Write a short paragraph about an awe-inspiring person, place, or event. Use vivid adjectives.
Memory Tip:
âAwe-inspiringâ = something that makes your jaw drop and your eyes widenâWOW!
Real-World Application:
Use in motivational writing, speeches, travel writing, and anything meant to stir strong admiration or wonder.
